freethinker

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Freud's family background was Jewish, though his father was a freethinker and Freud himself an avowed atheist.
弗洛伊德具有犹太人的家庭背景：尽管他的父亲是一个自由思想者而弗洛伊德却认为自己是一个无神论者。
In his first year of art school, he fell in love with his sculpture professor, Peng Di, who was charmed by the freethinker.
在美院的第一年他爱上了他的雕塑教师彭迪（音译），彭迪被他自由的思想所吸引。
Haggis was struck by another paradox: “Here I was in this very structured organization, but I always thought of myself as a freethinker and an iconoclast.
哈吉斯被另一个悖论弄昏了头：“我身处组织严密的机构中，而我却还一直自以为是自由思想家、偶像破坏者。”

Lunch comes with a five-minute talk about a famous freethinker.
ECONOMIST: Reflections on a summer camp for the children of atheists

someone who forms their own opinions and beliefs, especially about religion or politics, rather than just accepting what is officially or commonly believed and taught

If you refer to someone as a freethinker, you admire them because they work out their own ideas rather than accepting generally accepted views.