scarlet fever

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He also contracted scarlet fever, which almost killed him.
他还感染过猩红热，并几乎要了他的小命。
Mary was quarantined for several weeks when she had scarlet fever.
玛丽得猩红热时被隔离了几个星期。
She resembled, in her fierce pursuit of them, an infant pestilence- the scarlet fever, or some such half-fledged angel of judgment- whose mission was to punish the sins of the rising generation.
她怒气冲冲地追着他们，简直象个小瘟神——猩红热或某个羽毛未丰的专司惩罚的这类小天使，其使命就是惩处正在成长的一代人的罪孽。

Immediately afterward, he fell ill with a succession of infections, including scarlet fever and pneumonia, which kept him hospitalized for almost a year.
NEWYORKER: The Visionary
In his freshman year, he had an attack of scarlet fever, which set him back socially, and which also seems to have triggered a lifelong susceptibility to illness.
NEWYORKER: Getting Real
Andrew Grove, a man who survived the Nazis, the Communists, scarlet fever, prostate cancer and Bill Gates to run what was briefly one of the world's five most valuable companies, is saddled with a disease that will eventually rob him of control over his body.
FORBES: Andy Grove's Last Stand

an infectious illness that causes a sore throat, a high body temperature, and red spots on the skin

Scarlet fever is an infectious disease which gives you a painful throat, a high temperature, and red spots on your skin.